Types of ADHD Medications
Treatments for ADHD can help reduce symptoms by helping neurons transfer messages more efficiently. Certain types of medication increase neurotransmitters while others can slow down the process of reuptake.
Stimulants
The majority of stimulants prescribed to treat ADHD are methylphenidates (including Ritalin) or amphetamines. They can be effective in just 20 minutes and last for up to four hours. They are available in pill, liquid or patch form.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most common type of prescription medications healthcare professionals utilize to treat ADHD. They function by increasing levels of certain chemicals within the brain (neurotransmitters). These neurotransmitters assist people to focus, think and manage their emotions. People suffering from ADHD frequently notice that their symptoms improve when they take stimulant medications. It may take a while for the doctor and patient to determine the appropriate medication for each person.
Stimulant medicines can be taken in pill or liquid form. They are typically taken twice or three times daily. Some are immediate release, meaning they begin working right away. Others are extended-release, meaning that they are effective over a longer period of time. The majority of stimulants prescribed by doctors to treat ADHD belong to the methylphenidate category. Adderall is the most frequently prescribed methylphenidate. Other brand names include Concerta Ritalin Focalin.
Amphetamines can also be used to treat ADHD however they have more of an amplifying effect than methylphenidates. In the past, these drugs were used by truck drivers, students and athletes for their ability to keep people awake and alert. Amphetamines may also increase blood pressure and heart rate, as well as appetite. Certain doctors only prescribe this medication group to children suffering from severe symptoms who do not respond well to other treatments.
Atomoxetine is another medicine that has been shown to be effective in treating ADHD. It works by preventing the reuptake of the chemical noradrenaline which aids in the transmission of messages between neurons. Atomoxetine is generally prescribed to teenagers, adults and children over five years of age if it's not possible to take methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine. It's available as an immediate release tablet or controlled-release capsule, which can be consumed once or twice daily.
The side effects of stimulant medication may include upset stomach, changes in heart rate or blood pressure, and Tics. Tics are sudden, repetitive movements or sounds like eye blinks or throat clearing. The majority of people who take stimulants don't develop tics. However, some children and teenagers who take them do. Other side effects of stimulant medication are headaches, a loss of appetite and difficulty sleeping.
The medications are only one element of the treatment plan for ADHD. Other treatments include psychotherapy behavior therapy, training for skills, and lifestyle modifications. These other treatments can be combined with medications to maximize the benefit for ADHD patients.
Treatment for ADHD continues into adulthood. As people age, many sufferers require medication, behavioral treatment or skill-building.
The National Resource Center for ADHD provides information and resources.
The FDA recommends that healthcare professionals check on patients when they are taking ADHD medication to ensure that the proper dosage is being administered and that it has a an effect on the patient's symptoms. Regular visits to the doctor are essential to monitor for negative reactions or other health issues. During adhd no medication will also inquire about any other medications that the patient is taking, both prescription and nonprescription, including supplements, over-the-counter medications and herbal remedies.